In 1818 1 in 17 educated , in 1828 1 in 8 , in 1861 the Newcastle commission said У almost everyone receives some form of schooling at some time or anotherФ
By 1869 most people were literate
40% of US education spending is higher education spending so world leader here and trails the world in secondary education PRT
Japans average IQ is 117 ! Illiteracy is only 0.7% . Universities not so good and people lacking in creativity- only 4 Nobel prize winners vs 142 for US )
TWN : US education only good for the top 15% , JapanТs while bad does give the bottom 50% proficiency. When children simply absorb data the mesage is that its someone elses job to interpret reality. US top students asked to judge or interpret. Most effective research done in company labs not unis
PlutarchТs Paidea advises focusing of pupils strengths not weaknesses
Arnold of Rugby created the boarding school to perpetuate class differences
No investment pays better than an advanced degree - rational for loans
Spending per head on Educ 28% higher in Scot than Eng
Ratios of students to teachers : only 15% of the studies report a stat sig positive result , almost as many report a negative result and the rest are inconclusive Ec Feb 15th 97 Spending/ pupil: 27% positive , 7% negative, the rest inconclusive ( New Jersey $9,501 per pupil (the highest ) is appauling) Success and failure: failure should be viewed as useful information for telling you what you shouldnТt do. Classical education is not good: Greek tragedy : the mesage is that man is a victim of the Gods: Europides,Sophocles- like criminals in the dock ( Chaldeon Aug97 p27) Teachers should forget about hell as a threat for kids its too distant in their minds : threats should be imminent , consistent and tangible Ellsworth McIntyre in Chalcedon Classical Education ( talk by Steven Hayhow) Trivium: rote learning to start with, Grammar, logic , rhetoric Reading and writing, then communication/ thinking (9 or 10): present arguments, Rhetoric- how you present your argument. Periods in childs life: inquiring , thinking, etc Applied to every subject Some people want to teach Latin : very logical language, general result of discussion was Latin was not useful compared to other priorities. Dorothy Sayer Essay 1930s recovering the lost tools of learning , Douglas Wilson books, New St Andrews college On internet : credenda , agenda Quadrilium: astronomy , music , arithmatic, geometry, ( after the Trivium- at University) (not so much proposed today) Some in the states teach Greek and Hebrew to 4 year olds and up Steven Perks : learning Latin helps you to learn other languages and understand how Latin works Computer programming another way to learn logic. Classical material : not so good- Greek tragedy Classical school expresses the desire for language as more powerful than images and producing a disciplined mind Structure versus Play: children want order -when playing games they want the rules to be followed, the more familiar ( and hence repetitive - the better) Ellseworth McIntyre in Chalcedon one educational salesman said of the structured school УI have never seen children in any school so happyФ Never reward a child for behaviour you donТt want0 Teaching up is better than dumbing down- teaching to the lowest common denominator It often strikes me that the best way to learn is application first then theory or to mix the two. Current example is HTML language on the Internet. I basically have learned by getting someone to do it for me and watch what they did and only later realised why. How first and then why , seems back to front but I think it works better IQ levels affect educational outcome . To a large degree theres no point in giving those with low IQs a lot of education IQ tests at 11 and then exams at 16 would be a good ways to measure schools although possibly best IQ tests at 7 and then another test as well or instead to measure the effect of the primary schools. Taiwan and Korea have class sizes of 49 and 44 respectively ,yet they have the best maths results in the world. Class sizes more important for primary than secondary but most parents understand primary material- an argument for parents to help out.
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